Clinical Calculators

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Drug Interactions Checker

Common clinically significant interactions — BNF / Stockley's

Enter up to 4 drug names (e.g. warfarin, ibuprofen)

Drug 1

Drug 2

Drug 3 (optional)

Drug 4 (optional)

⚠️ Screening tool only. Always verify with BNF, Stockley's Drug Interactions, or a clinical pharmacist.
References: BNF · Stockley's Drug Interactions · MHRA · SPC

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Renal Dose Adjustment

eGFR & weight-based dose adjustment — BNF / Renal Drug Handbook

Drug

eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)

Weight (kg)

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CURB-65

Community-acquired pneumonia severity — BTS

New confusion (AMT ≤8 or new disorientation)

Urea >7 mmol/L

Respiratory rate ≥30 breaths/min

BP: systolic <90 or diastolic ≤60 mmHg

Age ≥65 years

BTS CAP Guidelines (2009) · NICE NG138

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CHADS₂ Score

AF stroke risk — original score

Congestive Heart Failure (1 point)

Hypertension (1 point)

Age ≥75 years (1 point)

Diabetes mellitus (1 point)

Prior stroke / TIA (2 points)

Gage BF et al. JAMA 2001 · Superseded by CHA₂DS₂-VASc for clinical use

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PHQ-9

Patient Health Questionnaire — depression severity

Over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by the following? (0=Not at all, 1=Several days, 2=More than half the days, 3=Nearly every day)

Little interest or pleasure in doing things

Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless

Trouble falling/staying asleep, or sleeping too much

Feeling tired or having little energy

Poor appetite or overeating

Feeling bad about yourself — or that you are a failure

Trouble concentrating on things

Moving or speaking slowly / being fidgety or restless

Thoughts of being better off dead or of hurting yourself

Kroenke K et al. J Gen Intern Med 2001 · NICE NG222

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GAD-7

Generalised Anxiety Disorder — 7 item scale

Over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by the following? (0=Not at all, 1=Several days, 2=More than half, 3=Nearly every day)

Feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge

Not being able to stop or control worrying

Worrying too much about different things

Trouble relaxing

Being so restless that it is hard to sit still

Becoming easily annoyed or irritable

Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen

Spitzer RL et al. Arch Intern Med 2006 · NICE NG189

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qSOFA

Quick SOFA — sepsis bedside screening

Respiratory rate ≥22 breaths/min

Altered mentation (GCS <15)

Systolic BP ≤100 mmHg

Singer M et al. JAMA 2016 (Sepsis-3) · NICE NG51

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Glasgow Coma Scale

Neurological assessment — Teasdale & Jennett

Eye opening response

Verbal response

Motor response

Teasdale G, Jennett B. Lancet 1974 · NICE NG232

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Child-Pugh Score

Liver disease severity — cirrhosis prognosis

Total Bilirubin

Serum Albumin

INR / Prothrombin time

Ascites

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Child CG, Turcotte JG (1964) · NICE CG165

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APGAR Score

Newborn assessment — 1 and 5 minutes

Appearance (skin colour)

Pulse (heart rate)

Grimace (reflex irritability)

Activity (muscle tone)

Respiration (breathing)

Virginia Apgar 1952 · RCOG / NICE guidance

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Waterlow Score

Pressure ulcer risk — NICE NG179

Build / Weight (BMI)

Skin type / Visual risk areas

Sex / Age

Continence

Mobility

Appetite / Nutritional risk

+4: On steroids / cytotoxics / anti-inflammatory drugs

+4: Smoking / diabetes / peripheral vascular disease

+2: Anaemia (Hb <8)

+5: Major surgery / trauma (orthopaedic / spinal; >2 hours on table)

+4: Neurological deficit (MS, CVA, motor/sensory)

Waterlow J (1985, revised 2005) · NICE NG179

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4AT

Rapid delirium assessment — validated UK tool

1. Alertness (observe)

2. AMT4 — orientation (age, DOB, place, current year)

3. Attention — months of year backwards

4. Acute change or fluctuating course (collateral history)

Bellelli G et al. Age Ageing 2014 · NICE NG119 · validated for UK use

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FRAX Risk Factors

Fracture risk screening — refer to full FRAX calculator

Count major clinical risk factors. Full 10-year probability requires the online FRAX tool (shef.ac.uk/FRAX). This screens for high-risk patients.

Age (years)

BMD T-score (if known)

Previous fragility fracture (doubles risk)

Parent hip fracture

Current smoker

Oral glucocorticoids (>5mg prednisolone/day for >3 months)

Rheumatoid arthritis

Secondary osteoporosis (T1DM, liver disease, COPD)

Alcohol ≥3 units/day

WHO FRAX · NICE NG187 — Osteoporosis · shef.ac.uk/FRAX (full calculator)

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MMSE Interpretation

Mini-Mental State Examination score guidance

Enter the administered MMSE total score (0-30) to get severity classification and guidance per NICE dementia guidelines.

MMSE Total Score (0–30)

Education level (adjusts interpretation)

Folstein MF et al. 1975 · NICE NG97 — Dementia

🧮 Clinical Calculators